تسجيل الدخول

تسجيل

Designer drugs

المؤلف:  Sue Jickells , Adam Negrusz (Editors)

المصدر:  Clarkes Analytical Forensic Toxicology

الجزء والصفحة:  56

2026-09-17

23

Designer drugs

Although a few ring-substituted phenethyl amines, such as 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamfeta mine (DOB), have been subject to limited abuse since at least the 1960s, it was not until the 1980s that the phenomenon of so-called designer drugs was fully recognised. Starting in the late 1980s, a large series of designer drugs began to appear, all of which were based on the phenethylamine nucleus. Just as with the production of the major illicit phenethylamines (e.g. MDMA), much of this synthetic activity takes place in Europe. Table 3.2 lists a number of designer drugs that have appeared in Europe and the US since the mid-1990s. This list, which may not necessarily be complete, shows that the phenethylamines comprise the largest group. Ring-substituted compounds were more common than N-substituted homologues without ring-substitution. The substances shown in Table 3.2 have appeared both as powders and as tablets, often manufactured, packaged or marked in such a way that they may appear to the user to beamfet amine or MDMA. Considerable scope exists to develop further series of phenethylamine related ‘designer drugs’. Thus, ring-substituted analogues of cathinone and methcathinone might have MDMA-like activity, while 1-phenylethylamine could also be the parent of novel psychoactive derivatives. Misuse of aryl substituted piperazines, such as 1-benzylpiper azine (BZP) and m-chlorophenyl piperazine (mCPP), has recently increased. mCPP is typically found in combination with MDMA.