Topological Spaces-Topological Spaces
Dentition :A topological space X consists of a set X together with a collection of subsets, referred to as open sets, such that the following conditions are satisfied:
(i) the empty set ∅ and the whole set X are open sets,
(ii) the union of any collection of open sets is itself an open set,
(iii) the intersection of any finite collection of open sets is itself an open set.
The collection consisting of all the open sets in a topological space X is referred to as a topology on the set X.
Remark :If it is necessary to specify explicitly the topology on a topological space then one denotes by (X, τ ) the topological space whose underlying set is X and whose topology is τ . However if no confusion will arise then it is customary to denote this topological space simply by X.
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دراسة تكشف منافع ومخاطر عقاقير خفض الوزن
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ارتفاع تكاليف إنتاج الهيدروجين ونقله يعرقل انتشاره في قطاع النقل
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قسم الشؤون الفكرية يرفد مكتبة جامعة العميد بمجموعةٍ جديدة من الكتب العلمية
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