Process realized as entity
This is by far the most common type of grammatical metaphor. Many are institutionalized nominalizations, such as the following:
Nominalized form Basic form
a. Without the slightest hesitation. Without hesitating at all.
b. Take a deep breath. Breathe deeply.
c. There was a sudden burst of laughter. X burst out laughing suddenly.
d. The exploration and mapping of X continued to explore and map the world.
the world went on.
Many others, however, represent a more original view of reality on the part of the speaker or writer, as in example e:
e. His conception of the drama has He conceives of the drama in a way that
a very modern ring. sounds very modern to us.
