We live in an attention economy. That's no surprise, given how recent statistics show that the average daily time spent with media in the United States is 454 minutes, or more than 7 1/2 hours a day. By itself, that might raise some concerns. But perhaps more worrisome are the thousands of hidden algorithms used by artificial intelligence (AI) in our devices and apps to monitor us, as well as to shape and rewire our brains.
For example, I've seen young clients in my office (as well as adults) who were compulsive users of online pornography that was damaging their lives and relationships. If you doubt that "machine behavior" is influencing you, an article in the journal Nature described the myriad ways that algorithms are ubiquitous.
Algorithms are used in credit scoring to make loan decisions. News and websites use algorithms to determine what political information to feed you. (And what not to show you.)
Algorithms are used by common programs, from ride-sharing apps to travel apps that look for traffic patterns. In fact, algorithms are often layered within algorithms—hundreds of them enfolded within others.
Do the algorithms in apps make things easier? In many cases, yes. But consider, also, that algorithms can make us more passive and predictable. That's because they are designed to hold our attention for the purpose of reaching their own goals and ends for which they were programmed.
Some apps are so good at keeping your attention, that the designers of these apps keep their algorithms secret! Human brains and human behavior, it seems, are pretty easy to program once algorithms identify our tendencies and what we respond to. And, because we're online so often, the algorithms can run multiple tests until they determine exactly what works—whether that means getting us to buy another product, take yet another online language class, or get behind a predetermined cause or candidate.
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