تسجيل الدخول

تسجيل

Human

المؤلف:  Sue Jickells , Adam Negrusz (Editors)

المصدر:  Clarkes Analytical Forensic Toxicology

الجزء والصفحة:  P267-269

2026-10-21

57

Human

Data for human sports have been available only since 1987 and are presented for the years 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 in Table 9.4. Figure 1 shows the proportion of samples analysed by IOC/WADA-accredited laboratories in the years 1988 to 2005 reported for the three most commonly found prohibited substances: nandrolone, testosterone and salbutamol. Note the marked increase in the reporting of testosterone in recent years following the reduction of the reporting threshold by WADA in 2005. As shown inTable9.4, drugs misused in human sport include anabolic steroids, stimulants, glucocorticoids, and peptide and protein hormones such as erythropoietin and human chorionic gonadotropin. Diuretics and masking agents are also commonly found. Of particular interest are the anabolic steroids and glucocorticoids; not only may synthetic analogues be misused, but also testosterone or hydrocortisone. This use of a pseudo-endogenous compound that is either indistinguishable or distinguishable with difficulty from that which is produced naturally by an individual presents interesting analytical problem. Other examples include recombinant growth hormones and recombinant erythropoietins. The biochemical, clinical and analytical aspects of anabolic steroids in sports have been reviewed by Kicman and Gower (2003).

Figure 1 The proportion of human sports samples analysed by IOC-accredited laboratories in the years 1988 to 2005 reported for the three prohibited substances most commonly found.